π Factors Responsible for Localization of Agro-Based Food Processing Industries in North-West India
(UPSC Mains 2019)
π Region Covered: Punjab, Haryana, Western Uttar Pradesh, parts of Rajasthan
π Key Contributing Factors
β
Raw Material Availability
β’ Fertile alluvial plains enable intensive agriculture
β’ Rich in wheat, rice, sugarcane, fruits & vegetables
β
Irrigation & Water Resources
β’ Extensive canal networks like Indira Gandhi Canal
β’ Widespread tubewell irrigation ensures reliable water supply
β
Favorable Climate
β’ Temperate conditions support perishable crop cultivation (fruits, vegetables)
β
Well-Developed Transport Network
β’ Dense rail & road systems help raw material procurement and market linkage
β
Policy Support
β’ States like Punjab & Haryana offer subsidies, tax benefits, & infrastructure via food processing policies
β
Mandis & Cold Chains
β’ Strong presence of regulated mandis
β’ Expanding cold storage and logistics chains enhance supply-chain efficiency
β
Skilled & Semi-Skilled Workforce
β’ Availability of local & migrant labor for production, packaging, and logistics
β
Proximity to Large Markets
β’ Delhi NCR & major cities act as key consumption hubs for processed food
β
Research & Extension Support
β’ Institutions like Punjab Agricultural University (PAU) aid with R&D, innovation, and farmer outreach
π Conclusion
A synergistic mix of agri-resource richness, policy incentives, market access, and infrastructure has made North-West India a hub for agro-based food processing industries.
#Geography
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