🟥 Klebsiella spp general characteristics :
1/ Gram negative bacilli ( Enterobacteriaceae)
2/ facultative anaerobe
3/ non motile
4/ Non spore forming
5/ Lactose fermenter
6/ prominent polysaccharide capsule
7/spp: K. pneumoniae, K.oxytoca,K.aerogenes,
K.granulomaris and
K. ehinoscleromatis
8/ diseases (pneumonia, UTI, liver abscess......)
9/ produce capsule, siderophores, LPS, Fimbriae and ESBL and carbapenemase production
10/on Makconkey produce pink mucoid colonies
11/ on blood agar non hemolytic colonies
12/on KIA..y/y gas no h2s
13/ negative ➡️ indole and MR
14/ positive ➡️ VP, citrate, urease, ONPG and LDC
15/ different from E. Coli by IMVIC and motility

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🟥 Pseudomonas spp general characteristics :
1/ Gram negative bacilli
2/ obligate aerobe
3/ motile by monotrichous flagella
4/ Non spore forming
5/ Oxidation not fermentation
6/ alginate capsule
7/spp: P. aeruginosa, P. fluorescences, P. putida and P. syringae.
8/ causes Hospital acquired infections
9/ produce 4 types of pigment :
Pyocyanin, Pyoverdine, Pyorubin and Pyomelanin
10/ P. aeruginosa is temp tolerant ( can grow at 42C')
11/ Highly resistant to many antibiotics
12/ on blood agar... Beta hemolytic colonies and have grabe like odour
13/ selective media for enhancing production of pigment is Cetrimide agar
14/ positive ➡️ oxidase, nitrate reduction, citrate and ADC
Negative ➡️ indole
15/ on KIA... R/R no gas and no H2s

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