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Create: 2025-07-05 Update: 2025-07-07 10:37:03

آزمایش فاکتور روماتوئید (RF): یکی از قدیمی‌ترین نشانگرها
فاکتور روماتوئید (RF) یکی از اولین آزمایش‌هایی بود که برای کمک به تشخیص آرتریت روماتوئید معرفی شد. این آزمایش وجود اتوپادتن‌هایی را در خون شناسایی می‌کند که به اشتباه به بخش‌هایی از پادتن‌های خود بدن حمله می‌کنند. اهمیت این آزمایش در این است که در حدود ۷۰ تا ۸۰ درصد افراد مبتلا به آرتریت روماتوئید، فاکتور روماتوئید در خون آن‌ها مثبت است. با این حال، مثبت بودن RF به تنهایی به معنای ابتلا به آرتریت روماتوئید نیست، زیرا این فاکتور می‌تواند در بیماری‌های دیگر یا حتی درصدی از افراد سالم نیز مثبت باشد.
نتیجه RF باید همواره در کنار سایر شواهد بالینی و نتایج آزمایش‌های دیگر تفسیر شود. منفی بودن RF نیز آرتریت روماتوئید را رد نمی‌کند، زیرا حدود ۲۰ درصد بیماران RF منفی هستند. این آزمایش بخشی از پازل تشخیصی است.
آزمایش آنتی‌بادی ضد پپتید سیترولینه حلقوی (Anti-CCP): نشانگر اختصاصی‌تر
آزمایش Anti-CCP یکی از مهم‌ترین پیشرفت‌ها در تشخیص آرتریت روماتوئید طی سال‌های اخیر بوده است. این آزمایش به دنبال آنتی‌بادی‌هایی می‌گردد که بدن علیه پپتیدهای سیترولینه (پروتئین‌هایی که تحت تغییر شیمیایی قرار گرفته‌اند) تولید می‌کند. اهمیت این آزمایش در اختصاصی بودنِ بالای آن برای آرتریت روماتوئید است. مثبت بودن Anti-CCP به‌شدت احتمال ابتلا به آرتریت روماتوئید را مطرح می‌کند، حتی اگر فاکتور روماتوئید منفی باشد. این آنتی‌بادی‌ها اغلب زودتر از RF در خون ظاهر می‌شوند و می‌توانند پیش‌بینی‌کننده فرم شدیدتر بیماری باشند.
مثبت بودن Anti-CCP یک سرنخ بسیار قوی برای پزشک است. اگرچه منفی بودن آن آرتریت روماتوئید را کاملاً رد نمی‌کند، اما مثبت بودن آن نقش کلیدی در تأیید تشخیص، به‌خصوص در مراحل اولیه بیماری، دارد.

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آزمایش فاکتور روماتوئید (RF): یکی از قدیمی‌ترین نشانگرها

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