What is CAR-T cell therapy?

The CAR-T cell therapy is a type of immunotherapy that involves genetically engineering a patient's T cells to attack cancer cells. T cells are a type of white blood cells that help the body fight infection.
In CAR-T cell therapy, T cells are taken from the patient and modified in the laboratory to express a special protein called a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR). It is then reinfused in the patient as this CAR protein helps the T cells recognise and fight the cancer cells.

India's indigenous CAR-T cell therapy

In October 2023, the Central Drugs Standard Control Organisation (CDSCO), India's drug regulator, approved the commercial use of NexCAR19, the first indigenously developed CAR-T cell therapy.

NexCAR19 is developed by ImmunoACT, a company incubated at the Indian Institute of Technology Bombay (IITB) and Tata Memorial Hospital.
It is designed to treat B-cell cancers, such as leukaemia and lymphoma.
The therapy is now available in over 30 hospitals in more than 10 cities in India. Patients aged above 15, who are suffering from B-cell cancers are eligible for treatment.

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WHY does human skin resist moisture absorption?

The surface of our skin is covered by a very thin layer of fat cells that have water-repellent properties. Subcutaneous fat ensures that fluid loss from the body is reduced.

It prevents us from getting wet and dehydrating.

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It's time for interesting data: the network calculated how many people are killed by animals per year‌‌

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WHY is already exhausted air bringing a person to their senses during artificial respiration?

As we know, if you stay in an airtight room for a long time, you can suffocate, since during breathing the amount of oxygen in the air decreases and the amount of carbon dioxide increases.

However, contrary to popular belief, a person does not exhale pure carbon dioxide but a mixture of gases that contains 16-17% oxygen and about 4% carbon dioxide. (For comparison: atmospheric air, which is 21% oxygen, contains a negligible amount of carbon dioxide - 0.04%.)

This oxygen is enough to bring a person back to life by artificial respiration - from mouth to mouth or from mouth to nose. Such stimulation sometimes takes a long time, up to an hour and a half.

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White blood cell wandering between red blood cells to check for harmful organisms

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WHY are onions and garlic natural antibiotics?

Just like man-made antibiotics, onions and garlic have antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory and bactericidal properties. Most importantly, the latter property is effective against all types of pathogens. That's why antibiotics sold in pharmacy chains can't compete with them in terms of therapeutic effect.

These properties are inherent in their high content of substances such as phytoncides (volatile essential compounds), flavonoids and allicin. Also their bulbs contain a wide range of vitamins and trace elements.

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💊 @Health the video is about Functions of Liver And Hepatitis A & B.

🔸According to the World Health Organization (WHO), 325 million people around the world have chronic hepatitis B (HBV) or hepatitis C (HCV). That’s roughly the population of the United States.

🔹There are five different types of viral hepatitis:-

Hepatitis A,B,C,D, and E are the different types of hepatitis virus; all of these viruses cause liver disease.

🔸 Hepatitis A typically does not cause chronic infection and has no complications.
However, deaths caused by viral hepatitis are increasing globally. Viral hepatitis causes over 1 million deaths each year. It’s responsible for two of every three liver cancer deaths. 😨

WHY do people blink?

Studies tell us that the average person blinks once every 2 to 10 seconds. We do this automatically as our eyelids protect our eyes from damage. Sometimes we blink intentionally, using what is called "sign language". As an example, we may blink to get attention, inviting another person to flirt. Sometimes we blink to express surprise, as if to say, "I can't believe my eyes!"

In humans, the inner surface of the upper and lower eyelids, as well as the eyes themselves, are lined with a thin, almost transparent membrane, the conjunctiva. The conjunctiva serves to moisten the surface of the eyes, because they need moisture to move properly. During blinking, the eyelid spreads moisture through the conjunctiva and also directs it to the corners of the eye.

A robot pharmacist in China who works at a hospital in Lishui City.

It prepares medicines according to doctors' prescriptions.

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WHY is it beneficial to take cold showers?

Cold showers are useful for coping with moodiness and decreasing the level of irritability. The thing is that cold water affects the "blue spot" area in the brain, which produces the hormone noradrenaline, responsible for fighting depression.

Since cold water improves the transport of nutrients to the body and oxygenates the cells, you become more alert. You get less tired and can concentrate on a specific task for longer.

A cold shower in the morning is just what you need to wake up more quickly. It activates the cells and circulation. You feel stronger and more energetic to take on important tasks.

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WHY is dried fruit more caloric than fresh one?

Due to the lack of water.

Caloric value is the number of calories produced by digesting a certain amount (usually 100 g) of the product. Fruit loses up to 80% of its original weight when dried. But the water that evaporates from them has zero calories.

It turns out that 100 g of dried fruit contains the same number of calories as 500 g of fresh one, from which it was made, that is, the dried fruit is five times more caloric.
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Let's take a look at the inside of a human skull

There are 22 bones inside. If you count the inner ear and sublingual - 29.‌‌

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WHY does a human only breathe through one nostril?

Roughly every 4 hours, there is a change in the "lead" nostril.

This phenomenon has a name: the nasal cycle. Namely, the two parts of the nose are able to change the resistance of the mucosa in response to the air flow passing through them. That's possible due to the special structure of the blood vessels in the nose. The cavernous body swells, blocking the passage of air, or, conversely, shrinks in size.

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WHY is the brown rice consider the healthiest?

The most useful is considered to be brown rice. This kind of rice differs from our habitual white one as during the processing the grains are cleaned only from the inedible husk, leaving the bran shell. But this husk contains most of the vitamins and minerals.

Still, in order to get all these vitamins, we have to be patient: brown rice takes twice as long to boil as white rice (40-45 minutes), but it is still pretty hard. Another disadvantage of brown rice is its relatively short shelf life. Brown rice contains essential oils, so it spoils rather quickly. You can extend the "life" of brown rice by storing it in the refrigerator.

Emergency services lifting techniques put into practice. 🚒

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WHY is our brain detecting pain but not feeling it?

Let's say you sprained your ankle or burned your finger. Nerve fibers immediately send a signal to your brain, which decodes the sensation as pain.

No wonder modern surgery is only possible after the discovery of anesthesia. However, if it is the brain itself that is the object of surgery, it has no need for anesthetics.

Nerve cells of the brain send themselves the same signals as in the case of a broken limb, but there is no data processing center for them. The brain, used to be in charge of the whole organism, has no idea when it should be in pain itself.

Here's the creepy part, but patients are often fully conscious during brain surgery, allowing the surgeons to see if they've gone too deep into our body's main processor.